Aminet 6/Aminet 6 - June 1995.iso/Aminet/docs/misc/wfbook93_texi.lha/texi/5.data

Text File | 1995-03-27 | 10.5 KB | 376 lines

@node Geography (Angola)
@section Geography (Angola)

@display

Location:
  Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean between Namibia and
  Zaire
Map references:
  Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
 total area:
  1,246,700 km2
 land area:
  1,246,700 km2
 comparative area:
  slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Land boundaries:
  total 5,198 km, Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zaire 2,511 km, Zambia 1,110
  km
Coastline:
  1,600 km
Maritime claims:
 exclusive fishing zone:
  200 nm
 territorial sea:
  20 nm
International disputes:
  civil war since independence on 11 November 1975; a ceasefire held from 31
  May 1991 until October 1992, when the insurgent National Union for the Total
  Independence of Angola refused to accept its defeat in internationally
  monitored elections; fighting has since resumed across the countryside
Climate:
  semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May
  to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)
Terrain:
  narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau
Natural resources:
  petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite,
  uranium
Land use:
 arable land:
  2%
 permanent crops:
  0%
 meadows and pastures:
  23%
 forest and woodland:   43%
 other:
  32%
Irrigated land:
  NA km2
Environment:
  locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on plateau; desertification
Note:
  Cabinda is separated from rest of country by Zaire



@end display

@node People (Angola)
@section People (Angola)

@display

Population:
  9,545,235 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate:
  2.67% (1993 est.)
Birth rate:
  45.8 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate:
  18.96 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate:
  -0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
  148.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
 total population:
  45.26 years
 male:
  43.26 years
 female:
  47.35 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate:
  6.54 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Nationality:
 noun:
  Angolan(s)
 adjective:
  Angolan
Ethnic divisions:
  Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, Mestico 2%, European 1%, other 22%
Religions:
  indigenous beliefs 47%, Roman Catholic 38%, Protestant 15% (est.)
Languages:
  Portuguese (official), Bantu dialects
Literacy:
  age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
 total population:
  42%
 male:
  56%
 female:
  28%
Labor force:
  2.783 million economically active
 by occupation:
  agriculture 85%, industry 15% (1985 est.)



@end display

@node Government (Angola)
@section Government (Angola)

@display

Names:
 conventional long form:
  Republic of Angola
 conventional short form:
  Angola
 local long form:
  Republic de Angola
 local short form:
  Angola
 former:
  People's Republic of Angola
Digraph:
  AO
Type:
  transitional government nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong
  presidential system
Capital:
  Luanda
Administrative divisions:
  18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie,
  Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila,
  Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire
Independence:
  11 November 1975 (from Portugal)
Constitution:
  11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, and 6 March 1991
Legal system:
  based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; recently modified to
  accommodate political pluralism and increased use of free markets
National holiday:
  Independence Day, 11 November (1975)
Political parties and leaders:
  Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose EDUARDO
  DOS SANTOS, is the ruling party and has been in power since 1975; National
  Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI,
  remains a legal party despite its returned to armed resistance to the
  government; five minor parties have small numbers of seats in the National
  Assembly
Other political or pressure groups:
  Cabindan State Liberation Front (FLEC), NZZIA Tiago, leader
 note:
  FLEC is waging a small-scale, highly factionalized, armed struggle for the
  independence of Cabinda Province
Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
Elections:
  first nationwide, multiparty elections were held in late September 1992 with
  disputed results; further elections are being discussed
Executive branch:   president, prime minister, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Legislative branch:
  unicameral National Assembly (Assembleia Nacional)
Judicial branch:
  Supreme Court (Tribunal da Relacrao)
Leaders:
 Chief of State:
  President Jose Eduardo dos SANTOS (since 21 September 1979)
 Head of Government:
  Prime Minister Marcolino Jose Carlos MOCO (since 2 December 1992)



@end display

@node Government (Angola 2. usage)
@section Government (Angola 2. usage)

@display

Member of:
  ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC (observer), ECA, FAO, FLS, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA,
  IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ITU, LORCS, NAM,
  OAU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
  none
 representation:
  Jose PATRICIO, Permanent Observer to the Organization of American States
 address:
  Permanent Observer to the Organization of American States, 1899 L Street,
  NW, 5th floor, Washington, DC 20038
 telephone:
  [phone]
 FAX:
  [phone]
US diplomatic representation:
 director:
  Edmund DE JARNETTE
 liaison office:
  Rua Major Kanhangolo, Nes 132/138, Luanda
 mailing address:
  CP6484, Luanda, Angola (mail international); USLO Luanda, Department of
  State, Washington, D.C. 20521-2550 (pouch)
 telephone:
  [244] (2) 34-54-81
 FAX:
  [244] (2) 39-05-15
 note:
  the US maintains a liaison office in Luanda accredited to the Joint
  Political Military Commission that oversees implementation of the Angola
  Peace Accords; this office does not perform any commercial or consular
  services; the US does not maintain diplomatic relations with the Government
  of the Republic of Angola
Flag:
  two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow
  emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a
  machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)



@end display

@node Economy (Angola)
@section Economy (Angola)

@display

Overview:
  Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for 80-90% of the
  population, but accounts for less than 15% of GDP. Oil production is vital
  to the economy, contributing about 60% to GDP. Bitter internal fighting
  continues to severely affect the nonoil economy, and food needs to be
  imported. For the long run, Angola has the advantage of rich natural
  resources in addition to oil, notably gold, diamonds, and arable land. To
  realize its economic potential Angola not only must secure domestic peace
  but also must reform government policies that have led to distortions and
  imbalances throughout the economy.
National product:
  GDP - exchange rate conversion - $5.1 billion (1991 est.)
National product real growth rate:
  1.7% (1991 est.)
National product per capita:
  $950 (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  1,000% (1992 est.)
Unemployment rate:
  NA%
Budget:
  revenues $2.1 billion; expenditures $3.6 billion, including capital
  expenditures of $963 million (1991 est.)
Exports:
  $3.7 billion (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
 commodities:
  oil, liquefied petroleum gas, diamonds, coffee, sisal, fish and fish
  products, timber, cotton
 partners:
  US, France, Germany, Netherlands, Brazil
Imports:
  $1.5 billion (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
 commodities:
  capital equipment (machinery and electrical equipment), food, vehicles and
  spare parts, textiles and clothing, medicines; substantial military
  deliveries
 partners:
  Portugal, Brazil, US, France, Spain
External debt:
  $8 billion (1991)
Industrial production:
  growth rate NA%; accounts for about 60% of GDP, including petroleum output
Electricity:
  510,000 kW capacity; 800 million kWh produced, 84 kWh per capita (1991)
Industries:
  petroleum; mining diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite,
  uranium, and gold;, fish processing; food processing; brewing; tobacco;
  sugar; textiles; cement; basic metal products
Agriculture:
  cash crops - coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, sugar cane, manioc, tobacco; food
  crops - cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains, bananas; livestock production
  accounts for 20%, fishing 4%, forestry 2% of total agricultural output;
  disruptions caused by civil war and marketing deficiencies require food
  imports
Economic aid:   US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $265 million; Western (non-US)
  countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1,105 million;
  Communist countries (1970-89), $1.3 billion; net official disbursements
  (1985-89), $750 million



@end display

@node Economy (Angola 2. usage)
@section Economy (Angola 2. usage)

@display

Currency:
  1 kwanza (Kz) = 100 kwei
Exchange rates:
  kwanza (Kz) per US$1 -4,000 (black market rate was 17,000 on 30 April 1993)
Fiscal year:
  calendar year



@end display

@node Communications (Angola)
@section Communications (Angola)

@display

Railroads:
  3,189 km total; 2,879 km 1.067-meter gauge, 310 km 0.600-meter gauge;
  limited trackage in use because of landmines still in place from the civil
  war; majority of the Benguela Railroad also closed because of civil war
Highways:
  73,828 km total; 8,577 km bituminous-surface treatment, 29,350 km crushed
  stone, gravel, or improved earth, remainder unimproved earth
Inland waterways:
  1,295 km navigable
Pipelines:
  crude oil 179 km
Ports:
  Luanda, Lobito, Namibe, Cabinda
Merchant marine:
  12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 66,348 GRT/102,825 DWT; includes 11
  cargo, 1 oil tanker
Airports:
 total:
  302
 usable:
  173
 with permanent-surface runways:
  32
 with runways over 3,659 m:
  2
 with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
  17
 with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
  57
Telecommunications:
  limited system of wire, microwave radio relay, and troposcatter routes; high
  frequency radio used extensively for military links; 40,300 telephones;
  broadcast stations - 17 AM, 13 FM, 6 TV; 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth
  stations



@end display

@node Defense Forces (Angola)
@section Defense Forces (Angola)

@display

Branches:
  Army, Navy, Air Force/Air Defense, People's Defense Organization and
  Territorial Troops, Frontier Guard
Manpower availability:
  males age 15-49 2,204,155; fit for military service 1,109,292; reach
  military age (18) annually 94,919 (1993 est.)
Defense expenditures:
  exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP



@end display